A Quasi Experimental Study to Assess Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme regarding Knowledge on Risk Factors, Complications and Prevention of Arthritis among the Selected Population at Kadamalaipudhur Village, Kanchipuram District

 

Mr. K. Srinivassan

Lecturer, Dept.of Medical Surgical Nursing, Awadh Madhav College of Nursing Science and Research, Gwalior, India.

*Corresponding Author Email: mailtosrinivassan@gmail.com

 

ABSTRACT: 

Arthritis is not a new disease and much research has been done and is still being done to find a cure. This study was undertaken to find out the effect of structured teaching programme regarding knowledge on arthritis among the selected population at Kadamalaipudhur village, Kanchipuram. The design adopted was quasi experimental (one group pre and posttest) research design.100 samples were drawn from the village. The level of knowledge was assessed by using validated structured questionnaires. Structured teaching programme was administered. Posttest was done on 7th day of intervention. The findings revealed that during pretest 0 (0%) of them had adequate knowledge, 31(31%) of them had moderate knowledge, 69(69%) of them had inadequate knowledge regarding arthritis, whereas in posttest 94(94%) of them had adequate knowledge and 6(6%) of them had moderate knowledge. The pretest mean score was 13.78 with confidence interval of (13.13-14.43) and posttest mean score was 26.22 with confidence interval (25.81-26.63). the calculated t value 32.365 at 0.05 level of significance was significantly higher than the table value 1.96 at 0.05 level of significance which shows that the structured teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge regarding arthritis. Hence H1 was retained.

 

KEY WORDS:

 

INTRODUCTION:

1Arthritis is the most common cause of chronic disability. There are no methods to cure for most forms of arthritis. One of the most common problems encountered by the people nowadays is of course arthritis. This is a major problem that actually comes in different forms.

 

2King, (2010) estimated that arthritis affect more than 30% of people above the age of 65years. The affected persons in the age group  of 65years and above are projected as nearly 21.4million in 2001 and it is estimated that by the year 2030, 41.4million people would be affected by arthritis .It was also noted that women (37.3%) are more prone to arthritis when compared to men.

 

Received on 18.06.2014          Modified on 05.07.2014

Accepted on 09.07.2014          © A&V Publication all right reserved

Asian J. Nur. Edu. & Research 4(3): July- Sept., 2014; Page  342-345

 

5Hirano et.al, (2006) conducted a study among arthritis patients knowledge, attitude and practice. A patient education programme was considered to be effective and brought about 15-30% betterment. It was successful at increasing knowledge, changing behavior improving physical and psychological health status.

 

Thus the investigator felt the present study to provide the information about the knowledge on arthritis among selected population at kadaimalapudhur village, kanchipuram district.

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1)       To assess the level of knowledge on risk factors, complications and prevention of arthritis among the selected population who are residing at kadamalaipudhur.

2)       To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on risk factors, complications and prevention on arthritis among the selected population who are residing at kadamalaipudhur.

3)       To explore the association between selected demographic variables with knowledge score among the selected population who are residing at kadamalaipudhur.

 

Hypothesis:

H1- There will be significant difference between the pre and posttest knowledge scores regarding risk factor, complications and prevention of arthritis among the people at 0.05 level of significance.

H2- There will be a significant association between posttest knowledge scores with their selected demographic variables at 0.05 level of significance.

 

METHODS:

Research approach

Quantitative evaluative research approach was adopted for this study

Research design

3The research design chosen for this study was quasi experimental (one group pre and posttest) research design. The design can be represented as                                                                                                                       

E= O1X O2

E= Experimental group

O1= Pre test

O2= Post test

X= Intervention

 

Population

Population refers to those who are residing at kadamalaipudhur village, kanchipuram district.

 

Sampling:

Sample:

People aging 35years and above who are residing at kadamalaipudhur village, during  the period of data collection are selected as samples.

 

Sample size:

The sample size for this study was 100.

 

Sampling technique:

4The technique adopted for this study was probability simple random sampling technique.

 

Criteria for sample selection:

Inclusion criteria:

Ř  Age above 35years.

Ř  Those who are willing to participate in this study.

Ř  Those who are residing at kadamalaipudhur village.

 

Exclusion criteria:

Ř  People who don’t know Tamil or English language.

Ř  People who are not co-operative.

 

 

 

Variables:

Independent variable: structured teaching programme

 

Dependent variable: knowledge regarding risk factors, complications and prevention of arthritis

 

Data collection procedure:

The data was collected for a period of six weeks by using the prepared tools. The study was conducted in panchayat union kadamalaipudhur village, kanchipuram. The investigator selected a list of 100 people who fulfilled the sampling criteria from a total 1075 people. The investigator conducted the pretest to assess the level of knowledge regarding risk factors, complications and prevention of arthritis with help of structure questionnaire. Then structured teaching programme was implemented. After a period of 7 days posttest was conducted with same structure questionnaire.

 

Method of data collection:

Tool used for the study

Structured questionnaire method.

 

Description of the tool

It consists of section-I and section-II

 

Section I

It consists of demographic variables of people such as age, gender, religion, education, types of family, marital status, monthly income, occupation, source of income, source of health information.

 

Section II

The data was collected through the well prepared multiple choice questionnaire. It consists of 30 questions and total score was 30. Each correct response was given a score of one and the wrong answer will be given the score of zero. It assesses the level of knowledge of risk factors, complications and prevention of arthritis among the selected population.

 

Validity:

The tool was prepared by the investigator based on literature review, under the guidance of experts and on the         basis of objectives, which had been assessed and evaluated, accepted by experts of research committee. The content validity of the tool was obtained from research experts from the medical surgical nursing.

 

Reliability:

The reliability was checked by inter rater method .The reliability was 0.73 after the structured teaching programme was provided and then paired ‘t’ test used to assess the  effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge of risk factors, complications and prevention of arthritis among the selected population.

 

 

Data analysis and interpretation:

Table -1: comparison between mean and standard deviation of pretest and posttest of structured teaching programme on knowledge of arthritis among the selected population                                                                                                                                                     N=100

S.No

Level of knowledge

Mean

Standard deviation

Confidence interval

1

O1

13.78

3.338

13.13-14.43

2.

O2

26.22

2.067

25.81-26.63 

O1-pretest      O2-posttest

The above table shows that the pretest mean and standard deviation was 13.78, 3.338 and posttest mean and standard deviation were 26.22, 2.067 respectively.

Table – 2: Mean and standard deviation of Improvement Score for Knowledge of Arthritis among the selected population.

S.NO

LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE

MEAN

STANDARD DEVIATION

‘t’ VALUE

CONFIDENCE INTERVAL

1.

Improvement score

12.440

3.843

32.365

11.67-13.20

At 0.05 level of significance, table value- 1.96

 

The above table shows that the improvement score of mean, standard deviation was 12.440, 3.843. The paired‘t’ test value was 32.045 at 0.05 level of significance. The‘t’ obtained value is higher than the table value (1.96). So it is proved that structured teaching programme is effective on knowledge regarding arthritis. 

 

Table :-3 Analyzing the association between demographic variables and knowledge of arthritis among the selected population       N=100                                                                                                                    

S.

NO

 

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

POSTTEST

Chi square

Value

Adequate

Moderate

No

%

No

%

1.

Age In Years

a)35-45years

b)46-55years

c)56-65years

d)Above 65years

 

45

24

17

7

 

45%

24%

17%

7%

 

5

0

1

1

 

5%

0%

1%

1%

 

 

3.288

NS

2.

Gender

a)Male

b)Female

 

52

42

 

52%

42%

 

5

1

 

5%

1%

 

1.806

NS

3.

Religion

a)Hindu

b)Muslim

c)Christian

d)Others

 

66

17

11

0

 

66%

17%

11%

0%

 

4

1

1

0

 

4%

1%

1%

0%

 

 

0.132

NS

4.

Education Status

a )Illiterate

b )Primary education

c )secondary education

d)collegiate 

 

42

36

10

6

 

42%

36%

10%

6%

 

2

4

0

0

 

2%

4%

0%

0%

 

 

2.321

NS

5.

Types of family

a)Nuclear family

b)Joint family

 

41

53

 

41%

53%

 

3

3

 

3%

3%

 

0.093

NS

6.

Marital status

a)Married

b)Unmarried

c)Widowed

d)Divorced

 

72

3

19

0

 

72%

3%

19%

0%

 

6

0

0

0

 

6%

0%

0%

0%

 

 

1.8

NS

7.

Monthly income of the family

a)Rs1000-RS2000

b)Rs2001-RS3000

c)RS3001-RS4000

d)Above Rs4000

 

37

40

7

10

 

37%

40%

7%

10%

 

3

2

1

0

 

3%

2%

1%

0%

 

 

1.511

NS

8.

Occupation

a)Agriculture

b)Daily wage

c)Businessman

d)professional

 

21

61

6

6

 

21%

61%

6%

6%

 

3

3

0

0

 

3%

3%

0%

0%

 

 

2.759

NS

9.

Source of income

a)Pensioner

b)Government aid

c)Property

d)Dependent on others

 

0

16

37

41

 

0%

16%

37%

41%

 

0

0

3

3

 

0%

0%

3%

3%

 

 

1.233

NS

10.

 

Source of health information

a)Mass media

b)Health professional

c)Friends and relatives

 

43

37

14

 

43%

37%

14%

 

2

4

0

 

2%

4%

0%

 

2.112

NS

NS –NOT SIGNIFICANT                 


The above table shows that the demographic variables of age, gender, religion, educational status, types of family, marital status, monthly income of the family, occupation, source of income, source of health information had no significant association of level of knowledge  regarding risk factors, complications and prevention of arthritis.

The below fig.1 shows that in pretest, 0%  of them had adequate knowledge 31% had moderate knowledge and  69% of them had inadequate knowledge regarding arthritis. In posttest 94% of them had adequate knowledge, 6% of them had moderate knowledge, and 0% of them had inadequate knowledge.

 

 

Fig. 1

 

DISCUSSION:

The main objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding risk factors, complication and prevention of arthritis.

The pretest mean score was 13.78 whereas the average posttest mean score was 26.22 and paired ‘t’ test value was32.045 at 0.05 level of significance. So it shows that the structured teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge.

 

RECOMMENDATION:

Based on the research findings the following recommendations can be made:

1.       The same study can be replicated on a larger sample and also at different settings.

2.       A comparative study can be done between semi-rural and semi urban peoples.

3.       A descriptive study can be conducted   on assessment of knowledge regarding arthritis.

4.       A structured teaching programme on arthritis can be prepared and given to the teachers and the parent’s .so that they can impact knowledge to all school students.

 

CONCLUSION:

The study was done to determine the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding risk factors, complication and prevention of arthritis in kadamalipudhur village, kanchipuram. The result of this study showed that most of the people had improved their knowledge after implementation of structured teaching programme. This shows structured teaching programme is effective in improving the knowledge.

 

REFERENCE:

1.        Brunner & Suddarth’s, Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams&Wilkins Publications, 2010, 12th ed.

2.        Dr.narendra jain, Ayurvedic & Herbal Remedies for Arthritis: In-Depth Knowledge of Arthritis with their Causes, Symptoms and Diagnoses, Published by Pustak Mahal, 2005,1st ed.

3.        Polit &Beck Nursing Research Generating And Assessing Evidence For Nursing Practice Wolters Kluwer,     Lippincott Williams &Wilkins Publications,2012,9th ed.

4.        BT Basvanthappa  Nursing research,  Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers(P)Ltd, New Delhi,2007,2nd ed

5.        Mayers. L. Nora, Exercises For Arthritis, (2007) retrieved from:URL: http://www.annals.org / content.

 

 

 

Received on 13.05.2014                                   Modified on 02.07.2014

Accepted on 09.07.2014                         © A&V Publication all right reserved

Asian J. Nur. Edu. & Research 4(3): July- Sept., 2014; Page 334-336